The traits described below have received the most attention and cover the scope of AI research. These consist of particular traits or capabilities that researchers expect an intelligent system to display. The general problem of simulating (or creating) intelligence has been broken down into sub-problems. AI also draws upon psychology, linguistics, philosophy, neuroscience and many other fields. To solve these problems, AI researchers have adapted and integrated a wide range of problem-solving techniques, including search and mathematical optimization, formal logic, artificial neural networks, and methods based on statistics, operations research, and economics. General intelligence (the ability to solve an arbitrary problem) is among the field's long-term goals. The traditional goals of AI research include reasoning, knowledge representation, planning, learning, natural language processing, perception, and support for robotics. The various sub-fields of AI research are centered around particular goals and the use of particular tools. The field went through multiple cycles of optimism followed by disappointment and loss of funding, but after 2012, when deep learning surpassed all previous AI techniques, there was a vast increase in funding and interest. Īrtificial intelligence was founded as an academic discipline in 1956. Some high-profile applications are: advanced web search engines (e.g., Google Search), recommendation systems (used by YouTube, Amazon, and Netflix), understanding human speech (such as Siri and Alexa), self-driving cars (e.g., Waymo), generative or creative tools ( ChatGPT and AI art), and competing at the highest level in strategic games (such as chess and Go). "AI" may also refer to the machines themselves.ĪI technology is widely used throughout industry, government and science. It is also the field of study in computer science that develops and studies intelligent machines. Artificial intelligence ( AI) is the intelligence of machines or software, as opposed to the intelligence of humans or animals.
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